Most parents understand how important good physical health is for the well-being of their children, but sometimes the value of good oral health can be overlooked.
Poor oral health in children may lead to many negative long-term effects, including physical and mental health problems. It may even hinder academic success in some cases. Here are some ways poor oral health could impact a child’s future.
Physical health
Poor oral care may cause children to experience health problems that start in their youth and continue through adulthood. For example, children (and adults) who have untreated cavities or other dental problems tend to chew food incorrectly due to pain. Chewing is an important first step in the digestive process, and incorrectly doing so can lead to digestive problems. Digestive problems caused by improper chewing include upset stomach, gas, bloating and constipation.
The risk of serious physical health problems later in life, such as heart disease, can increase for children with poor oral health. One study found that oral infections in children are associated with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (structural changes and thickening in the artery walls). This thickening can increase the risk of strokes and heart attacks in adulthood.
Additionally, the risk of developing Alzheimer’s may increase for children with bad oral health. Studies have found that the bacteria that cause gum disease can travel from the mouth to the brain and may damage neurons. Chronic gum disease may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s dramatically. Thus, catching and treating gum disease early may decrease the risk of developing the disease later in life.
Mental health
Children with oral health problems such as bad breath may experience reduced “self-confidence and self-esteem levels.” Additionally, bad breath in adolescents “could lead the individual to estrangement and avoidance in social interactions.” This social avoidance may ultimately lead to a negative self-image, poor social skills, substance abuse and more. Even more concerning, a lack of self-esteem may cause more serious mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety as adults.
In addition to low self-esteem, children with poor oral health may be more likely to have speech issues. This can cause them to feel embarrassed or frustrated when they try to communicate. Oral health problems in early childhood, such as cavities, can cause speech delays. Studies have found that children with speech delays are more likely to develop emotional, social and behavioral problems as adults.
Education
Studies have found poor oral health is strongly linked to negative academic outcomes. Other findings suggest that children with oral health problems may not be as successful as their adult counterparts.
A 2018 study found that children with decayed teeth have a “44% higher probability of poor school performance and a 57% greater likelihood of poor school attendance.” Children with high absences are at a greater risk of falling behind and dropping out of school. In the long-term, people who do not earn a high school diploma make substantially less income than those who graduate high school.
Neglecting oral health care may have a serious impact when it comes to the future of your child. Therefore, it’s important to encourage good oral hygiene habits and see a dentist regularly.
How to prevent poor oral health in children
Poor oral health may negatively affect your child’s physical and mental health, and academic success. So, what can you do to prevent poor oral health in your child?
- See a dentist by the age of one
- For babies, wipe gums with a clean cloth after feeding and before bed
- Start brushing with a soft toothbrush when the first tooth appears
- Do not put a baby to bed with a bottle
- Brush teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
- Drink fluoridated water
- See a dentist regularly
The importance of good oral health in children goes far beyond the mouth. Learn more about how dental benefits can support your family’s oral health.